Monday, August 24, 2020

The eNotes Blog The Enchantress ofNumbers

The Enchantress ofNumbers The inquisitive story of the universes first software engineer. Today I stray a little from the normal artistic and instructive news refreshes, subsequent to running over a gesture to an extraordinary lady I couldnt spend the day without honoring, for her job in science, yet additionally for her job as a lady in arithmetic, a long ways relatively revolutionary. I trust that her story moves ladies in technical disciplines, or to be sure any individual who continues on to think past the abilities of present day innovation. Unfortunately Im as a rule old-fashioned on Googles aesthetic and idiosyncratic portrayals of extraordinary days through their landing page. Be that as it may, today, gmail coincidentally crashed, sending me to the Google landing page where I saw the beneath picture: I was interested. Who was this lady in nineteenth century attire, jotting numerical capacities with plume and ink? Thus, by method of innovative mistake, I learned of Ada Lovelace, the universes first software engineer. Ada Lovelace was conceived on December tenth, 1815, to the artist Lord Byron and his significant other Anna Isabella Byron. She had a hopeless adolescence, considered a failure from birth for not having been brought into the world a kid. Ada was surrendered by her dad before she was a month old andâ resultantlyâ never knew him, as he kicked the bucket abroad when she was eight. In the interim her mom decided to keep little association with her, potentially on the grounds that youthful Ada helped her to remember her shrewd spouse, with whom the Baroness had a caustic separation. So Ada was raised by old family members and consigned to an existence of dubious perception by means of her moms companions, named the Furies. Luckily for us, however, she was likewise dependent upon an existence of educationintended to crush any deviation she may have acquired from her fatherand took a distinct fascination for arithmetic since early on. Around the age of seventeen, Adas unique capacities turned out to be obvious to her guides, all popular in arithmetic in their own right. The prominent mathematician Augustus de Morgan even revealed of Ada to her mom that she appeared to be bound to turn into, a unique numerical specialist, maybe of top notch distinction. In the mean time another of Adas teachers and companions, Mary Somerville, acquainted her with Charles Babbage, future designer of the universes first PC. Ada was not yet eighteen at that point. Babbage and Ada subsequently started a kinship that created their scholarly joint effort on the formers Analytical Engine. In 1843, Ada deciphered Italian mathematician Luigi Meanabreas clarification of the machine, total with her own arrangement of notes and ends (which were in reality longer than Menabreas). In her delineation of the Analytical Engine, Ada envisioned its potential as being more prominent than straightforward calculating, something not even Babbage enjoyed. She composed: [The Analytical Engine] may follow up on different things other than number, were objects discovered whose common basic relations could be communicated by those of the theoretical study of activities, and which ought to be additionally helpless of adjustments to the activity of the working documentation and system of the motor Assuming, for example, that the basic relations of contributed sounds the study of agreement and of melodic sythesis were defenseless of such articulation and adjustments, the motor may make intricate and logical bits of music of any level of multifaceted nature or degree. Alongside these ground breaking notes, Ada composed a calculation of Bernoulli numbers for the Analytical Engine (beneath). It is this piece of her proposition, Note G, that is generally viewed as the universes first PC program, making Ada correspondingly its first developer. Picture through Wikimedia Commons So there you have it: the universes first geek was a respectable woman, The Right Honorable Countess of Lovelace. That implies that on this day, as you peruse the Internet looking for Google verse, GIFs, or the Ikea Monkey, you have Miss Ada Lovelace to thank for her place in envisioning the capacity of PCs to completely change ourselves in the bunch of ways they have today. Ada was such an intriguing lady, there is just such an extensive amount her life I could remember for this post. I energetically suggest her Wikipedia section as an outline of her stunning accomplishments and to some degree outrageous individual issues. In her negligible thirty-six years, Ada gave us a lot to acknowledge and remains as a prime case of the job ladies have played in science and innovation, however they are frequently disregarded. She genuinely satisfied Charles Babbages moniker for her, The Enchantress of Numbers: Disregard this world and every one of its difficulties and if potential its incalculable Charlatansâ †everything in short yet the Enchantress of Numbers. Related: Instructors, train your understudies on the historical backdrop of The Enchantress of Numbers with report on Ada Lovelace, discovered here. It accompanies an action to assist understudies with composing their own one of a kind projects and is suggested for Grades 4-8.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Philips Maps Out a New Direction Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Philips Maps Out a New Direction - Case Study Example By chopping down to only 3 significant divisions, the organization's center is probably going to hone. Utilizing different specialty units to deliver a wide scope of items would in all probability aftereffect of wastage of assets, cost wasteful aspects, and absence of a brought together course for the organization overall. (A&AS, 2002) Cutting down to only 3 units in this way, in addition to other things, means to decrease working expenses. Divisions which need comparable crude materials, labor and skill are converged into one unit with the goal that assets can be used all the more effectively. (A&AS, 2002) This kind of redesign would likewise build brand mindfulness and acknowledgment, as the items would be better situated in the psyches of the buyers. Delivering a wide scope of items under one brand name as a rule makes disarray for the shoppers regarding what precisely to recognize the brand with. By stripping low-edge items, and centering a smaller and better characterize d item blend, this disarray would be limited. (A&AS, 2002) The kind of rebuilding which involves stripping items and chopping down number of work units for the most part brings about laying-off representatives. This could bring about joblessness, also lower professional stability for existing workers. As is referenced for the situation, Philips faces issues with regards to mark acknowledgment, as Philips items are promoted in North America under an assortment of names. Likewise, Philips LCD TV innovation as of now has the No.2 spot in China, be that as it may, this achievement could be brief if China siphons.

Saturday, July 18, 2020

Semantic and Episodic Memory, Real or Fake Amnesia in the Films Eterna Essay

Semantic and Episodic Memory, Real or Fake Amnesia in the Films Eterna Essay Semantic and Episodic Memory, Real or Fake Amnesia in the Films Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind, 50 First Dates, Garden of Lies, Bourne Identity â€" Essay Example > The paper “ Semantic and Episodic Memory, Real or Fake Amnesia in the Films Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind, 50 First Dates, Garden of Lies, Bourne Identity”   is an excellent example of an essay on psychology. Often people confuse Amnesia with multiple personality disorder, however, this is not the case. When in 1992 Conference on Abuse and Multiple Personality Disorder conducted, it was considered that sexual programs emphasize more upon psychic killers than on oral sex. Lest they forget which victims have been robotized how, the cultists carry laptop computers with records of all past programming involving the CIA, the Mafia, Hollywood, big business, and government leaders in this respect, together with many ordinary citizens whose job was to cover up evidence of cult tortures. However, the importance of Amnesia was later identified in some of the movies which appeared to be blockbusters, like Bourne Identity, 50 first dates, etc. Amnesic conditions highlighted in films often bear little or no resemblance at all to reality. Since movies represent the reflection of general public perceptions and views, doctors should be aware of all possible myths about amnesia and should act and suggest accordingly. This could be invaluable when informing patients and their relatives of a diagnosis of an amnesic condition and its likely prognosis. (BMJ) Hollywood’ s recent movie discoveries, The Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004) and 50 First Dates (2004), head up a long tradition of movies training amnesic characters. No fewer than 10 silent movies were able to do so before 1926. In this context, Garden of Lies (1915), proved to be the turnover point in Hollywood highlighting the scenario when a doctor hires a new husband for an amnesic bride in an attempt to jog her memory. This movie appeared as a trendsetter for the rest of the films to come and was later followed by other amnesic conditions in films (BMJ). Bourne Identity proved to be the best example of Memory disorder in the twenty-first century is not restricted to conscious recollection, but can apply to any experience that changes subsequent behavior. While focusing on Bourne Identity, we can see that Jason Bourne was affected by sensory memory disorder as well as working memory, which can be judged by analyzing his activities. Sensory Memory depends primarily on temporary ongoing activities in the brain, whereas long-term memory depends on structural changes. Memory can be measured in different ways. From least to most sensitive, these are a recall, recognition, savings, and priming. The successive phases in remembering are encoding, storage and retrieval. Real or Fake AmnesiaPsychologists have found a way out to determine through tests if the person is suffering through real amnesia problems or is just pretending to be among one of the patients. The psychological tests consist of a series of words that the person has to rememb er and recall. In case he is unable to do so, he is considered as a patient of real amnesia. This is how it works actually: Suppose a person is given a list of 20 words to remember and then asked to recall them. He might be given 10 such lists, one at a time, and asked to recall each list before the next one is presented. Suppose he then plots the number of times he is able to recall the first word in the list, the number of times he is able to recall the second word, and so on, right down to the twentieth word. This plot is known as the serial position curve possessing two characteristics. One is a primary effect, which is that words at the beginning of the list are recalled much better than those nearer the middle. The other is a recency effect, which is that words at the end of the list are also recalled better than those nearer the middle.

Thursday, May 21, 2020

Literary Techniques Used in Edgar Allen Poes Work

Literary Techniques Used in Edgar Allen Poes Work 1. At the end of the first paragraph Poe uses foreshadowing when he writes â€Å"And the whole seizure, progress and termination of the disease, were the incidents of half an hour† (1). I see this as foreshadowing the event that ends the party and the lives of all those present. The entire thousand assembled die when the Red Death came. T he â€Å"last chime had utterly sunk† (3) also foreshadows the end where each individual â€Å"died in the despairing posture of his fall† (4). Combining both these instances together shows that the whole situation or incident, from the â€Å"presence of a masked figure† (3) to â€Å"one by one dropped† (4), ended before the clock chimed the next passing hour. The â€Å"seventh apartment† (1) also foreshadow the presence of the Red Death. The entire apartment was â€Å"shrouded in black velvet tapestries† and the window â€Å"panes hereShow MoreRelatedEdgar All Poes Style901 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allen Poe’s style in The Black Cat and Tell-Tale Heart In many of Edgar Allen Poe’s short stories, a reader can encounter with many similarities of style and technique. In this paper, I am going to state the similarities of The Black Cat and Tell-Tale Heart to understand Poe style in short stories. To start with, in both of the stories, the setting is jail because the main characters of two stories are criminals. Such an entrance to the stories enables the reader’s attention to be moreRead MoreEssay about Literary Devices Used in the Raven by Edgar Allen Poe959 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of the Raven by Edgar Allen Poe The nineteenth century poet Edgar Allen Poe makes use of several literary devices in order to create a gloomy atmosphere in his poem â€Å"The Raven†. Alliteration, rhyme, onomatopoeia, assonance, and repetition are used to contribute to the melodic nature of the work and provide an almost â€Å"visual† representation of his gothic setting. Poe is a master of using these writing techniques. â€Å"The Raven† is one of his most popular works. This is certainly due, in partRead MoreComparitve Analysis of the Raven Tell Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe1257 Words   |  6 PagesComparative Analysis of the Tell Tale Heart and the Raven Edgar Allen Poe was the author of several daunting works of literature. Two examples of Edgar Allen Poes literature are The Tell Tale Heart and The Raven. If we compare these two works, one a short story and the other a poem, we will see that Poe shows great mastery of symbolism, as well as other forms of literary technique. In these two stories, many people would say that Poe uses the tales to reflect the way he perceivesRead MoreAnalysis of Edgar Allan Poe ´s Literature888 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allan Poe has a unique writing style that uses several different elements of literary structure. He uses intrigue vocabulary, repetition, and imagery to better capture the reader’s attention and place them in the story. Edgar Allan Poe’s style is dark, and his is mysterious style of writing appeals to emotion and drama. What might be Poe’s greatest fictitious stories are gothic tend to have the same recurring theme of either death, lost love, or bo th. His choice of word draws the reader inRead MoreThe Gothic Theme of Edgar Allen Poes Work1357 Words   |  6 PagesEdgar Allen Poe was an English short-story writer whose work reflects the traditional Gothic conventions of the time that subverted the ambivalence of the grotesque and arabesque. Through thematic conventions of the Gothic genre, literary devices and his own auteur, Edgar Allan Poe’s texts are considered sublime examples of Gothic fiction. The Gothic genre within Poe’s work such as The Tell-Tale Heart, The Black Cat, and The Raven, arouse the pervasive nature of the dark side of individualism andRead MoreHow Does Edgar Allan Poe Shape His Writing Style996 Words   |  4 Pages Edgar Allen Poe is a recognized American writer of short stories, poems, and a few books. He lived in the era of westward expansion, slavery laws beginning to become an issue, and most influential to Poe, Tuberculosis was a major issue. There was not yet a cure for people with T B, in fact, there wouldn’t be a known cure for another 100 years after his life. He lost many people during his life, his father left before Poe was 3 years old, his mother died from TB when Edgar was three. He was forcedRead More A Comparison of House of Usher, Bierces Beyond the Wall, The Black Cat, John Mortonsons Funeral1742 Words   |  7 PagesParallels in Poes House of Usher and Bierces Beyond the Wall, Poe’s The Black Cat and Bierces John Mortonsons Funeral, and in M.S. Found in a Bottle by Poe and Three and One are One by Bierce.      Ã‚  Ã‚   When one decides to become an author, one can not help being influenced by his predecessors, causing some of ones work to reflect and echo the predecessors. Such is the case between Ambrose Bierce and his predecessor, Edgar Allen Poe. Excluding the obvious fact that both Poes and BiercesRead MoreRomantic Writing : Edgar Allan Poe1112 Words   |  5 Pagesof the written word and the ability to illustrate intense emotion. Edgar Allan Poe, born in 1809, was an American writer, editor, and literary critic. Poe is best known for his short stories and poetry, especially those consisting of tales of mystery and horror. Widely regarded as a central figure of Romanticism in American literature, he was one of the country’s first practitioners of the short story. Romanticism was a literary, artistic, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe atRead MoreTell Tale Heart Essay1367 Words   |  6 PagesIn â€Å"Tell Tale Heart,† Edgar Allen Poe develops th e plot and creates a mood through the use of metaphors, symbolism, imagery, and foreshadowing. The unique use of said literary devices enables the story to strongly entice the reader’s interest and spark high levels of curiosity. The vivid mental pieces of art are beautifully painted with metaphors, symbolism, and imagery, the tools mastered by the painter, Edgar Allen Poe. The initial analysis will be that of the old man’s eye. Mr. Poe uses veryRead MoreEssay on The Black Cat by Edgar Alan Poe1083 Words   |  5 PagesCat,† short story from Edgar Alan Poe, has a few characters and many points of view that probably provide the most important elements in this short story. Therefore, the examination of the conflicts of the protagonists in Edgar Allan Poe’s description plays an important part with the objective of understand this short story. This paper’s objective is to analyze the significance of the characteristics of the protagonist. According to the American romanticist writer Edgar Allen Poe, the story of â€Å"The

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Inhouse Laundry Versus Outsourced Laundry - 960 Words

Chinhoyi university of technology [pic] Tourism and hospitality Names of group 7 members SIMBARASHE TUNHA C123132Y TSITSI MUDEDE C1213053M BOLIVIA MABWE C1212837C YANANAYI DAVU C1213070F CHIRANGANO MBAVARIRA C1213662Z VALENTINE BANGIRA C1213801A NICHOLAS RUNESU C1213816R KUDZAISHE MUPFUMBA C1213618B NYARADZAI MANGARA C1212841G TAFADZWA MUTANDA C1213130W GETRUDE N TAKAPERA C1111059V Discuss the pros and cons of in house and outsourcing laundry†¦show more content†¦It is of paramount importance to note that the hotel might incur all those expenses by employing more stuff but it will also be empowering the social community and providing job opportunities to the community will mean that it will operate in harmony with the locals outsourcing Outsourcing the laundry allows properties to focus on their core business and at the same time, reduce costs, replace a fixed-cost operating structure with a variable cost model incurring in laundry cost only for occupied rooms and therefore, matching expenses to revenue and eliminate need to spend capital in tooling the laundry room. Outsourcing the laundry would help eliminate many of the necessary costs to run and OPL. In some cases, these costs are difficult to identify, as they are part of the hotel’s cost structure and are not easily associated with the laundry process itself. These costs would include: Outsourcing laundry replaced an internal laundry fixed price cost with a variable cost where there is only a cost per occupied room and thus cost per occupied room is fixed, reducing expenditures and controlling budgets. With this system, you can match the laundry expense to the revenue of selling the room. This is particularly important during low occupancy periods It has actually been of great concern to many hotels on whether to outsource or do in-house laundry. It can be safely said that outsourcing laundry is the best way for the hotel to save funds and also toShow MoreRelatedIct and Ebusiness Retail Industry88499 Words   |  354 Pagesenvironment is less vibrant in the EU than in the US: across the majority of variables, EU retail firms lag behind US retailers. In some cases, the differences are large, for example for placing online ads on other companies’ websites (43% in the US versus 16% in the EU) and for options offered to pay online (higher percentages in the US for all options). Exceptions include the share of firms with internet access, the average share of employees with internet access, and the use of internal systems forRead MoreAccounting Information Systems Test Bank 10th Edition41120 Words   |  165 Pagesit assigns costs to each process, or work center, in the production cycle, and then averages these costs across the number of units produced. Process costing is useful whenever similar or homogenous goods are produced in mass quantities, such as laundry detergent, some types of food items, or soft drinks. Costs can be assigned at each stage in the production process for these items, and then an average total unit cost for the product can be calculated based on output. Process costing has also beenRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 Pagesare: (1) the company s long- and short-term business plans, (2) current sales forecasts, (3) economic and industry indicators, (4) profit potential, (5) internal capabilities (both volume and technology), and (6) what the customer is willing to pay versus estimated cost. Introduction of Fomzal Project Management at Hyten Corporation 25 The duties of Business Development also include the coordination of a project or new product from initial design through market availability. In this capacity

Sch33 Children and Young People Workforce Free Essays

SCH 33: Promote equality and inclusion in health, social care or children’s and young people’s settings. 1. 1 Diversity:Diversity means that every individual is different and unique. We will write a custom essay sample on Sch33 Children and Young People Workforce or any similar topic only for you Order Now No matter what your language, race, sexual orientation, gender, age, religion or physical ability, we all form one diverse group. You will never find two people exactly the same as everyone is from different backgrounds and walks of life. I see a diverse group in my setting as all the children are from different backgrounds. I personally think that children need to understand the importance of diversity from an early age so they can recognise and see that they are all individuals. Equality:I will admit that I originally thought that equality just meant that everyone had to be treated the same, but this is not actually accurate. We are to treat everyone that same, but not in the sense that I thought, it means by giving everyone the same choices and opportunities, either in education or care, no matter what their background or abilities etc. Every person has different needs and abilities so as long as they are given the same access to opportunities. It is not about having one rule for one group and another rule for a different group as this is discrimination. We are all equal in the fact that we are all part of the community and all deserve the same chances as everyone else. Inclusion:This basically means to ‘include’ everyone, no matter what age, sex, gender, race, language or religion. Especially in a children’s setting, they should all be given the chance to be included in the group and have their individual needs met as best they can by the practitioners. For example, you would not single out a child in a wheelchair or a child with a different language, from a crafts activity as once again, this is discrimination. The practitioner should provide support and encouragement to each child so no one misses out. 1. 2 Discrimination:Briefly, discrimination is judging and individual and taking away their right of equality because of their race, sex, religion, age or ability for example. This can be done either by direct discrimination which is when one person is singled out and treated differently, or by indirect discrimination which involves a particular group of individuals. Any form of discrimination can have devastating, long term effects whether it is a child or adult, or even a business/place of work. I have listed some of the effects of discrimination below:- * A business could be fined. * The business would then get a bad reputation and lose money. * The individual would get upset and hurt. It could form a bullying cycle where the individual themselves then discriminates against another. * The person will have low self-esteem and confidence. * Self-doubt and feel un worthy. * Possible suicide of an individual. * Mental health issues – i. e. depression, anxiety. * Loss of income. * Job opportunities lost due to self-doubt. * Turn to drugs or alcohol. * Potentially lose out and miss social opportunities or forming a relationship. * Could miss out on ser vices such as doctors, dentists and children centres. 1. 3 How inclusive practice promotes equality and supports diversity. As I have mentioned previously in my work, I think it is so important to teach children from a young age, the meaning of equality, diversity and inclusion. This way they will develop a positive attitude toward their peers who to at that time may seem different to them, because to be honest, a young child may not understand why their friend is of a different race, ability or culture. Giving the children and young people in our settings, the support and education needed should help them develop and understand that we are all different in some way. Inclusive practice just ensures equality for all the children and young people in our settings, making sure no one is singled out or left behind in terms of progressing or educational needs. If you are in a setting with such a diverse group of children, then encourage them to be curious and ask questions about their peers. Work together to create activities involving different cultures or abilities, that way, everyone will learn and reach a better understanding of everyone’s needs and backgrounds. They will learn to relate to one another and achieve a more positive attitude towards each other. As a practitioner, it is also important to know as much as possible about the different backgrounds so talk to the parents and your colleagues so you can support the children more in their individual needs. If I look back at when I was at school, you realise how things have progressed. I can say that I was in a school where it was 100% white British students. My son starts school next year and I know he will be in a class of students from so many different backgrounds, so it is so important he learn and understand the different races, cultures, religions, abilities and realise we are not all the same, but unique. I just think that inclusive practice plays such a vital role in a child’s life and development, what they learn and understand now, as a child, will help so much in their adulthood. There are a lot of legislations in regards to inclusion, diversity and equality and it is important for practitioners to be aware of these and how they can get help and support in their setting if required. References Bruce, Tina Et al. (2011) Cache Children and Young People’s Workforce. Hodder Education. London www. dcya. gov. ie/documents/childcare http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Inclusion_(education) How to cite Sch33 Children and Young People Workforce, Essay examples

Saturday, April 25, 2020

The Life of Jane Addams Essay Example For Students

The Life of Jane Addams Essay Jane Addams, a pioneering social worker, helped bring attention to the possibility of revolutionizing Americas attitude toward the poor. Not only does she remain a rich source of provocative social theory to this day, her accomplishments affected the philosophical, sociological, and political thought. Addams was an activist of courage and a thinker of originality. Jane Addams embodied the purest moral standards of society which were best demonstrated by her founding of the Hull-House and her societal contributions, culminating with the winning of the 1931 Nobel Peace Prize. Jane Addams was born on September 6, 1860, the eighth child of a prominent family in the small town of Cedarville, Illinois. Of the nine children born to her parents, John and Sarah Addams, only four would reach maturity. Pregnant with her ninth child at the age of forty-nine, Sarah Addams died in 1863, leaving two-year-old Jane, ten-year-old James Weber and three older daughtersMary, Martha, and Alice. Five years after Sarahs death, John Addams married Anna Haldeman, a widow from nearby Freeport who had two sons, eighteen-year-old Henry and seven-year-old George. Jane welcomed the arrival of George, who was almost the same age as she, but she resented her new stepmother at first. The little girl was used to being pampered by her older siblings and the family servants, and she was taken aback by Anna Addamss unfamiliar habits. The new Mrs. Addams was determined to enforce order in the somewhat unruly household, and she had a quick temper. When she arrived in her new home, she began a t once to reorganize it, insisting on formal mealtime behavior, scrupulously orderly rooms, and strict discipline among the children. Anna Addams was, however, intelligent, cultivated, and basically kind. An avid reader and a talented musician, she often entertained the youngsters by reading plays and novels aloud to them, playing the guitar, and singing folk songs. The children soon became accustomed to her ways, and after a few months she won the hearts of both Jane and her siblings. Although Jane grew found of Ma, as she began to call her stepmother, she continued to look to her father and sister Martha for advice and approval. When Martha suddenly died of typhoid fever at the age of sixteen, five-year-old Jane became more dependent than ever on her adored father. At the age of sixteen, Addams was an attractive young woman. College was an exception rather than a rule for women in the 1870s, but John Addams approved of higher education for women, and Jane wanted to go. In 1877, se venteen years old, Jane boarded a train at Cedarville station, and set off for Rockford Seminary, a female college in Rockford, Illinois. Like the twenty-two other women in her freshman class, Addams felt singled out for special opportunity, and she was determined to make the most of it. A few years later, after organizing a chess club, a debating society, an amateur theatrical group and editing/writing for the Rockford Seminary Magazine, Jane graduated and returned home to Cedarville. Jane Addams intended to carry out her plan of attending the Womens Medical College in the fall of 1881 largely because she had to her father she would. Jane soon realized that medical school was not for her as she found she was incapable of concentrating on her classes, an utter failure and unable to work at the best of myself. In February of 1882, she dropped out and entered a hospital, suffering from severe back pain as well as depression. That April, Jane underwent an operation to straighten her sp ine caused by an earlier childhood diagnosis, tuberculosis of the spine. As part of young Janes rejuvenation, her stepmother and a few other women took her on a trek through Europe, proving to be excellent therapy. Addamss European tour improved her health and expanded her cultural horizons. Even more important, however, was what it showed her about a side of life she had never known. A few months after the American women had crossed the Atlantic, she and her companions found themselves in London. There, Jane recalls she received an ineradicable impression of the wretchedness of the poor. Escorted by a tour guide to the slums of east London, the group saw crowds of poor residents bidding on spoiled vegetables discarded by the city grocers. Addams strongest impression, she said, was of hands, myriads of hands, empty, pathetic, nerveless and workworn, showing white in uncertain light of the street, and clutching forward for food which was already unfit to eat. After her visit to the E ast End, Addams went about London furtively, afraid to look down narrow streets and alleys lest they disclose again this hideous human need, bewildered that the world should be going on as usual. Her world, she realized, did not expect her to even remember these peoples misery, much less do anything about it. Well-off and free to do as she chose, Addams nevertheless felt trapped. She knew she wanted to help people, but how? The more she saw Europes cultural riches and the squalor of its slums, factories, and mines, the less she was able to see a clear path toward serving humanity. After almost two years of travel, she returned spiritually more confused than when she had left it. Still perplexed about her role in life, Jane Addams returned to the United States in 1885, spending her next two years in Baltimore. She wrote a few essays about her trip for the Rockford Seminary Magazine, studied the art books from Europe, went to concerts, lectures, and parties, and reread journals she ha d kept during her trip. None of these lifted her spirits, so in the winter of 1887, Jane and a few friends including Ellen Starr returned to England. She was in awe of the citys vast cathedrals with carvings and statues illustrating the history of humanitys quest for spiritual enlightenment. Gazing around the magnificent house of worship in Germany, she envisioned a cathedral of humanity that would be capacious enough to house a fellowship of common purpose and beautiful enough to persuade men to hold fast the vision of human solidarity. Jane and company returned to the United States in 1888 where she would begin to turn her ideas into a reality. In 1889, Addams and Starr moved into a boardinghouse in Chicago where their first task was to round up support for their scheme. Addams intended to use her inheritance to pay most of the expenses, but she hoped to get both moral and financial support from Chicagos religious establishment. She became a member of the Fourth Presbyterian Churc h, attending Bible lectures and teaching a Sunday-school class. Fourth Presbyterians congregation included some of Chicagos wealthiest and most influential people, some of them interested in philanthropy. Whenever Addams met these people, she told them about her plans for a settlement house. She tirelessly repeated her principle argument: A house, easily accessible, ample in space, hospitable and tolerant in spirit, situated in the midst of the large foreign colonies which so easily isolate themselves in American cities, would be in itself a serviceable thing for Chicago. Addams also emphasized her theory that the dependence of classes on each other is reciprocal, meaning that well-to-do people who helped the poor would benefit themselves. Her proposals generally received courteous attention, and the discussion, while often skeptical, was always friendly. With much of the citys religious establishment behind them, the women set about learning how they could run the project that they had in mind. They visited Chicagos leading charitable organizations including the Armour Mission, the Chicago Womens Club, the Womens Christian Temperance Union, and the Association of College Alumnae. These groups responded with enthusiasmsometimes, felt Addams with too much enthusiasm; she was determined to keep the project independent of all official organizations. Addams knew she needed to learn more about Chicago and its inhabitants before opening the settlement house. When she was not visiting charitable institutions, reading about social movements in Europe, or writing letters and giving speeches about her plan, she was busily investigating the city. She trudged through the worst slums, observing and talking to immigrant residents. On September 18, 1889, after several months of repairing and decorating, Addams and Starr moved into their new home. They named it Hull House after its original owner. The areas residents, most of them poor Italian immigrants, were suspicious of t he newcomers at first. Eager to win their neighbors confidence, Addams and Starr decided to demonstrate their respect for the Italian culture. After decorating the walls of Hull House with photographs they had taken in Italy the year before, they invited the whole neighborhood to a reading party of Romola a George Eliot novel about humanitarianism that Addams read aloud in the native tongue, Italian. Suddenly, crowds of local residents, many of them women with babies and young children, began to visit. Realizing that one of the communitys most urgent needs was a nursery school, Addams called on Jenny Dow, a young and wealthy woman who had volunteered her services. Dow started a kindergarten class, enrolling twenty-four children and paying all the expenses herself. Some socially prominent women began to come to the settlement only because they were curious or because working with the poor was fashionable. Many of them, however, sincerely wanted to help and became loyal and indispensa ble aides. The unpaid volunteers who lived at Hull House did their own laundry, cooking, cleaning, and house maintenance. They all worked long, hard hours; in Hull Houses first year, 50,000 people came through its doors. The idealistic young women were inspired both by the needs of the people they served and by Jane Addams herself. Every morning, the settlement house offered kindergarten for the neighbors youngest children and English-language and craft classes for their mothers. In the afternoon, older children arrived for club meetings, vocational training, and classes in art and music. Evening featured cultural programs and more classes for adults. Everywhere she went, Addams was received as a pioneer, honored for her work in awakening the social conscience of America. Hull House had become a famous symbol of the new wave of altruism that was sweeping through the current generation of young, middle-class Americans. The Chicago settlement house, always crowded with neighborhood re sidents, became a magnet for visitors from all walks of life. Hull House remained the center of Addamss life in the 1890s and the first decade of the twentieth century, but she did not limit her activities to the Chicago area. With seemingly inexhaustible energy, she made speeches all over the United States. In February 1899, for example, she delivered four lectures in New York, ten in Massachusetts, two in Pennsylvania, and one each in Vermont, Virginia, and South Carolina. During the rare moments when she was not supervising the programs at Hull House, taking part in labor-management meetings, or making speeches, Addams wrote her first book. Published in 1902, Democracy and Social Ethics was a resounding success, concerning the study of the relationships of human beings, dealing sympathetically with Americas immigrants. One of the best-known women in America by 1910, Addamss outstanding work had not gone unnoticed by others. She turned her attention increasingly to larger, worldwi de causes, and received the honor of being named the first woman president of the National Conference of Charities and Corrections. In 1906, she attended her first meeting of the National American Women Suffrage Association, an organization promoting the right to vote for women. By 1911, NAWSA had elected Addams its vice president, and the following year, she spoke at its convention in Philadelphia. When Theodore Roosevelt ran for president as a third-party candidate in 1912, he endorsed some of the social and factory reforms that Addams and her Hull House coworkers supported. Since Addams and Roosevelt had become good friends, she willingly backed his partywith one exceptionher disagreement with Roosevelts racial position. Nearly two years after Roosevelts campaign and subsequent defeat, Addams became involved in another strugglethe struggle for peace. As news continued to reach the United States about young men fighting and being killed in Europe during the Great War in 1914, Adda ms became more and more concerned. Then, on January 15, 1915, a conference of various womens groups was held in Washington, D.C. A new, unified group known as the Womans Peace Party came out of the conference and elected Jane Addams as its head. People often misunderstood Addamss efforts to promote peace, and for a time, she became unpopular. Addams wanted the United States to stay out of the war, and groups like Daughters of the American Revolution and the American Legion disagreed with her since she appeared unpatrioticeven pro-Germanto many Americans. Throughout the 1920s, Addams continued to work fro world peace through an organization called the Womens International League for Peace and Freedom. Although still involved with Hull House, the world had become her forum. In 1931, Addams received her greatest honor, the Nobel Peace Prize, but because of a bronchitis attack and surgery for a tumor, she was unable to travel to Norway to accept it. The Nobel Committee had granted her t his award because of her earlier efforts to promote peace. Despite the years of criticism she had faced because of her views on world peace, Addams was vindicated after all. Addams lived the next few years of her life trying to help her neighbors and to make the world a safer, better place. In February 1935, Addams received the American Education Award and attended Washington, D.C., celebrations in her honor, where she addressed the world by radio. On May 21, 1935, Jane Addams died from recently discovered intestinal cancer; she was seventy-four years old. Janes funeral took place at Hull House as thousands of people gathered in the courtyard to pay their last respects. The marker on her gravestone reads simply: Jane Addams of Hull House and the Womens International League for Peace and Freedom. The epitaph is a brief one for a person who accomplished so much throughout her lifetime, and for one who responded to each new challenge with courage, fine-tuned from years of practice. Som e have wondered what a difference Hull House and the ideas it represents have made. What influence have the classes held there, the clubs, the musical programs, and all other activities had? Perhaps only a few hundred, overall, actually attended functions at Hull House. The others Addams influenced, either read her writings or heard her speak. Addamss vision and ideas live on, however, not only in the people reached by the Hull House center in Chicago, but in numerous other cities across the United States who attempted to duplicate Jane Addamss cause. From the modest beginnings at Hull House, Addams helped begin a whole movementa movement that spread throughout society. Middle-class and wealthy people learned about the problems of the poor and immigrant people. They also learned that they could remedy some of societys ills. Largely through Addamss efforts, people became aware not only of poor peoples needs, but of what they could do to improve living conditions. Still standing on Ha lsted Street, the original mansion that contained Hull House looks as gracious and dignified as everas if Jane Addams herself stands within its courtyard reminding us to bring help and hope to those less fortunate. .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c , .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c .postImageUrl , .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c , .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c:hover , .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c:visited , .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c:active { border:0!important; } .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c:active , .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud80a56ebfede4b22fb6117973c64257c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Beowulf As Christian Allegory Essay We will write a custom essay on The Life of Jane Addams specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now BibliographyAddams, Jane. Democracy and Social Ethics. 1902. Reprint. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2002. Addams, Jane. The Second Twenty Years at Hull-House. New York: Macmillan Co., 1930. Addams, Jane. Twenty Years at Hull-House. 1910. Reprint. Prairie State Books. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1990. Berson, Robin. Jane Addams: A Biography. Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 2004. Elshtain, Jean Bethke. Jane Addams and the Dream of American Democracy: A Life. New York: Basic Books, 2002. Lasch, Christopher, ed. The Social Thought of Jane Addams. American Heritage Series. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1965. The Official Web Site of the Nobel Foundation. Nobelprize.org. 2005. http://nobelprize.org/peace/laureates/1931/addams.html